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Dispersant waa wakiilka firfircoon ee waji dhexda oo leh laba astaamood oo iska soo horjeeda oo ah lipophilicity iyo hydrophilicity gudaha molecule.

Kala firdhinta waxa loola jeedaa isku darka ay samaysay kala firdhida hal walax (ama dhawr walxood) oo galay walax kale oo qaab qaybo ah.

Kala-saarayaashu waxay si isku mid ah u kala firdhi karaan qaybaha adag iyo dareeraha ee midabada aan organic iyo organic kuwaas oo ay adag tahay in ay ku milmaan dareeraha, iyo sidoo kale ka hortagga sedimentation iyo uumi ee qaybaha, samaynta reagents amphiphilic looga baahan yahay ganaaxyo deggan.Kiimikada Houhuan R & D iyo soo saarista waxyaabaha lagu daro biyaha iyo waxyaabaha lagu daro saliidda ee warshadaha kala duwan, qaybaha surfactant ee la xiriira.

Nidaamka kala firdhiso waxa loo qaybiyaa: xal, kolloid iyo suspension (emulsion).Xalka , solute waa kala firdhiye iyo dareere waa kala firdhiso.Tusaale ahaan, xalka NaCl, kala firdhiyaa waa NaCl, qaybiyahuna waa biyo.Kala firdhiyahu waxa loola jeedaa walxaha lagu kala firdhiyey qaybo ka mid ah nidaamka kala firdhiyey.Walax kale waxaa loo yaqaannaa walaxda kala firdhisan.

Shaqooyinka isticmaalka kala-firdhinta midabka warshadaha waa sida soo socota:

1. Isticmaal kala firdhiso qoynta si aad u yarayso wakhtiga iyo tamarta loo baahan yahay si aad u dhamaystirto habka kala firdhinta, xasilinta kala firdhisanaanta midabka, dhiirigeliyaha xabagta PP, wax ka beddelka sifooyinka dusha sare ee qaybaha midabka midabka, oo hagaajiso dhaqdhaqaaqa qaybaha midabada.

2. Yaree xiisadda u dhaxaysa dareeraha- dareeraha ah iyo dareeraha adag.Kala firdhiyey sidoo kale waa surfactants.Qaybiyayaashu waa anionic, cationic, non-ionic, amphoteric iyo polymeric.Waxaa ka mid ah, nooca anionic ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa.

3. Kala firdhi walax caawiye ah oo wanaajin kara kala firdhisanaanta walxaha adag ama dareeraha ah.